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OH 2004 Science Grade 9

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  • Shorelines change rapidly. Erosion and deposition are two processes with opposite
    effects that shape shoreline features. Which of the following shoreline processes is an example of deposition?

    wave removal of sand from beaches

    accumulation of mud in bays

    carving of sea cliffs by waves

    breakdown of gravel into sand


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  • Density is a measure of a substance's mass per unit volume. If you massed the same volume of different substances, which of the following units of measure would you use to describe their density?

    g/cm^3
    cm^3/sec
    g/cm^2
    cm/g


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  • The shape of a bird’s beak is adapted to the
    type of food the bird eats. Which of the
    following beak characteristics is LEAST
    likely to adapt (change over time) in
    response to a change in food availability in
    the environment?


    color

    thickness

    curvature
    length


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  • Overfishing of large predatory fish has left a
    stream free of any major predator. How will
    this affect the stream ecosystem?

    decrease in prey fish

    decrease in pollutants

    overpopulation of prey fish

    overpopulation of aquatic plants


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  • Assume that the structures in the figure
    above are drawn on the same scale. Which
    of the following is the largest structure in the
    animal cell shown in the figure?


    cell wall

    mitochondrion

    nucleus

    chloroplast


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  • Which of the following structures would normally be found in a plant cell but NOT
    in an animal cell?

    plasma membrane

    mitochondrion

    nucleus

    cell wall


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  • Based on the information in the figure on the
    previous page, which of the following
    statements is most likely correct?

    Both plant and animal cells photosynthesize.

    Both plant and animal cells metabolize food.

    Plant cells do not photosynthesize; animal cells do photosynthesize.

    Plant cells do not metabolize food; animal cells do metabolize food.


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  • Your teacher has given you six blocks, all of
    which have the same volume, shape, and
    color. However, the blocks have different
    masses. Which of the following pieces of
    equipment would you use to measure the
    mass of each block?

    a meter stick
    a balance
    a beaker

    a thermometer


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  • The freezing point of a liquid is the
    temperature at which a liquid changes to a
    solid. The table below lists the freezing
    point of four liquids.

    Which of the liquids in the table would be
    LEAST likely to freeze outside during the
    winter in Ohio?


    water

    glycerin

    seawater

    ethyl alcohol


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  • Satellites in space transmit information
    around the world using radio waves instead
    of sound waves. Based on the information
    given in the passage and table above, which
    of the following could be a reason why
    sound waves CANNOT be used?

    There are very high temperatures in space.

    The material in space is tightly packed.

    There is no water in space.

    The material in space is very spread out.


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  • Could the speed of sound be used to
    estimate dry air temperature, based on the
    data in Table B?

    No, because the speed of sound in dry air is the same regardless of temperature.

    No, because as temperature increases, the speed of sound in dry air increases.

    Yes, because as temperature increases, the speed of sound in dry air increases.

    Yes, because as temperature decreases, the speed of sound in dry air decreases.


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  • A scientist receives information about an
    unknown solid. The information says that
    sound travels through this solid at about
    4,700 m/sec. Using only Table A, the
    scientist concludes that the solid is glass
    because it has the closest sound speed to the
    unknown material. Which of the following
    is the best response to this conclusion?

    It is correct; the material must be glass.

    The material is stainless steel, not glass.

    The material is brick, not glass.

    There are many materials that are not in the table.


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  • For the solids listed in Table A, which of the
    following seems to be true about the
    relationship between density and the speed
    of sound?

    As density increases, the speed of sound appears to decrease.

    As density increases, the speed of sound appears to increase.

    As density decreases, the speed of sound appears to increase.

    There is no apparent relationship between density and the speed of sound.


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  • According to the figure, which of the following places is most likely to get rain?


    Wisconsin
    Kentucky
    northern Michigan
    northern Ohio


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  • According to the figure, which of the following cities has the warmest temperature?


    Cincinnati
    Chicago
    Detroit
    Cleveland


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  • Assume the low-pressure system will move
    one or two states east in the next 24 hours.
    What would be the next day’s forecast for
    the people in Columbus, Ohio?

    rain with cooler temperatures

    clear skies and warmer temperatures

    rain with warmer temperatures

    no change; the weather will be the same as today’s


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  • Rabbits eat plants. Accordingly, rabbits belong to which of the following groups?


    Producers
    first-level consumers
    second-level consumers
    decomposers


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  • All of the organisms in an ecosystem are
    ultimately dependent upon which of the
    following groups for the energy they need to
    survive?

    producers
    first-level consumers
    second-level consumers
    decomposers


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  • Compare the air temperature ahead of the
    cold front and the air temperature behind the
    cold front. How much cooler is the air
    behind the front?

    1° – 2°C

    3° – 4°C

    5° – 6°C

    7° – 8°C


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  • Which of the following groups receives energy directly from all other groups?


    producers
    first-level consumers
    second-level consumers
    decomposers


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  • According to most scientists, the source of
    energy that sustains life comes from which
    of the following?

    plants

    animals
    sun
    Earth


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  • When an object pushes on a second object,
    the second object pushes on the first object
    with an equal push and in the opposite
    direction. Which of the following best
    explains why a person moves forward
    (walking) when he/she pushes on the
    sidewalk?

    The person pushes forward on the sidewalk; the sidewalk does not push on the person.
    The person pushes forward on the
    sidewalk; the sidewalk pushes forward on
    the person.
    The person pushes backward on the
    sidewalk; the sidewalk pushes backward
    on the person.
    The person pushes backward on the
    sidewalk; the sidewalk pushes forward on
    the person.


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  • Muscles work by contracting. Examine the figure below. All of the following actions would involve contraction of this muscle EXCEPT

    EXCEPT

    walking down the street.

    kicking a ball.

    climbing a ladder.

    sitting down.


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  • In this classification system, natural artifacts
    are those that were not necessarily left at the
    site by humans. Which of the following lists
    of artifacts could possibly be classified as
    natural?

    a spoon, a tree root, and a pebble

    a pebble, a tree root, and a snail shell

    a piece of pottery, a deer antler, and a horseshoe

    a snail shell, a deer antler, and a knife blade


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  • Several bone fragments were found by the
    students. Which of the following best
    explains why the students’ system would be
    difficult to use to classify bones?

    The classification system does not mention bones.

    Bone fragments look a lot like rocks.

    It is difficult to tell whether the bones were left by humans or not.

    Bone fragments are very fragile and might fall apart when they are picked up.


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  • The students decided that their classification
    scheme was not good enough to classify all
    the artifacts they had collected. Which of
    the following changes would best help the
    students classify their artifacts?

    Change "left by humans" to "crafted by humans."

    Change "natural" to "not left by humans."

    Change "domestic items" to "servant's items."

    Change "plant" to "not animal."


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  • What would be the expected reading on the
    spring scale as the cart is pulled up an
    inclined plane set upon two books?

    10 N

    30 N

    40 N

    80 N


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  • Which of the following factors remained constant throughout the study?


    length of the inclined plane

    I.M.A. of the inclined plane

    height of the inclined plane

    number of books used


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  • Which of the following statements best describes the data shown in the table?

    Decreasing the height of the inclined plane increases the weight of the cart.

    Decreasing the height of the inclined plane decreases the I.M.A. of the inclined plane.

    Increasing the height of the inclined plane decreases the weight of the cart.

    Increasing the height of the inclined plane decreases the I.M.A. of the inclined plane.


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  • Suppose that the coal mine owners want to
    build a water treatment plant to solve the
    problem of water pollution from the coal
    mine. Which of the four locations shown on
    the figure would be the best location to treat
    the water supply?

    A
    B
    C
    D


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  • Which of the following generalizations
    about the pH of the water is supported by
    the data in the table?

    The pH of the water is higher downstream from the coal mine than upstream.
    The pH of the water has decreased downstream from the coal mine.
    The pH of the water has increased upstream from the coal mine.

    The pH of the water is the same at all four sampling sites.


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  • Assume that the change in pH is due to
    pollution from the coal mine. Based upon
    the observed change in pH from locations
    B to D, which of the following statements is
    most likely to be FALSE?


    Pollution is diluted by the addition of
    water from the other streams the farther
    downstream you are from the coal mine.
    The fish population increases the farther
    downstream you are from the coal mine.
    Water quality improves the farther
    downstream you are from the coal mine.
    The amount of pollution increases the
    farther downstream you are from the coal
    mine.


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  • In addition to water, coal mining may
    pollute other natural resources, such as plant
    life and air. Of all of these natural
    resources, which is a nonrenewable
    resource?

    coal
    air

    water

    plant life


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  • While performing the experiment, the student should NOT have

    I. used a constant temperature.
    II. touched the wires while the circuit was closed.
    III. used frayed wires.

    I only

    I and II only

    II and III only

    I, II, and III


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  • Suppose the student looked at four new
    wires—one made of aluminum, one of
    tungsten, one of nichrome, and one of
    copper. Each wire is 30 cm long with a
    cross-sectional area of 0.5 mm². Which of
    these wires would have the LEAST
    resistance?

    tungsten
    nichrome
    aluminum
    copper


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  • The wires that glow in a toaster when the
    toaster is on are often made of nichrome.
    Based on the results shown in the table, why
    is nichrome a good choice for toaster wire?


    Nichrome wire provides less resistance
    than the other kinds of wire and thus
    generates more heat than the other kinds of
    wire.
    Nichrome wire provides less resistance
    than the other kinds of wire and thus
    generates less heat than the other kinds of
    wire.
    Nichrome wire provides more resistance
    than the other kinds of wire and thus
    generates less heat than the other kinds of
    wire.
    Nichrome wire provides more resistance
    than the other kinds of wire and thus
    generates more heat than the other kinds of
    wire.


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